(DOWNLOAD) "Cultural Transitions During Childhood and Adjustment to College (Report)" by Journal of Psychology and Christianity * Book PDF Kindle ePub Free
eBook details
- Title: Cultural Transitions During Childhood and Adjustment to College (Report)
- Author : Journal of Psychology and Christianity
- Release Date : January 22, 2009
- Genre: Religion & Spirituality,Books,
- Pages : * pages
- Size : 224 KB
Description
Over the past fifty years, the advent of improved transportation, increased means of international communication, and advanced technology has sparked a multiplication of global interaction (Hill, 2006). Along with such globalization, the number of expatriates raising their children overseas has grown dramatically (Cockburn, 2002). International schools began to emerge in the 1950s, now estimated to be between 1000 and 2000 in number (Heyward, 2002). With such changes in society emerged a new population of those young people raised in a multi-cultural setting. They are referred to at times as "global nomads" (McCaig, 1992), but more commonly as Third Culture Kids (TCKs), a term coined by John and Ruth Hill Useem (1976). Pollock and Van Reken (2001) provide the commonly accepted definition: Being raised in multiple cultures brings both benefits and challenges. TCKs are influenced by various cultures, both on a superficial level of language and traditions, and a deeper level of values and assumptions (Pollock & Van Reken, 2001). Pollock and Van Reken present four possible relationships someone has to a surrounding culture according to whether they look alike or different from those around them, and whether they think alike or differently from those around them. TCKs hold distinct relationships with multiple cultures, at times being more connected to the host culture than to the parents' culture. In some contexts what others expect of the TCKs' experience matches reality, such as having a dissimilar perspective in a newly foreign land. But they may feel frustrated and misunderstood when expected to be different because of a foreign appearance, despite having completely adapted to a culture; they may also face inaccurate assumptions that they are the same as their parents' culture based on similar appearance (Pollock & Van Reken, 2001). Such conflict and mixed influences of cultures can bring questions and challenges in the development of identity and a sense of belonging (Fail, Thompson, & Walker, 2004; Pollock & Van Reken, 2001).
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